System for measuring low temperature thermoelectric properties

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Low temperature measurement of thermoelectric properties
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This home-made system is used to measure electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient (a.k.a. thermopower) and thermal conductivity between 3.5 and 310 K. The system employs the four-probe method - four electrical/thermal probes are attached to a sample, typically a bar about 2 mm wide and 8 mm long. Measurements are performed in high vacuum.

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Fig. 1.: Low-temperature measurement system.