Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Using a Quantum Cascade Laser for Analysis of Ammonia in Water Solutions

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Description
Figure: This is the graphical abstract of a compact, selective, and responsive ammonia sensor for near-real-time water quality monitoring, utilizing QCL-based photoacoustic spectroscopy. Predictive simulations were used to optimize QCL performance, and an automated stripping liquid sampling mechanism ensures enhanced accuracy and reliability in ammonia detection.


 

In collaboration with an SME partner (please add here the hyperlink https://mirsense.com/), we have co-developed an advanced sensor for real-time ammonia detection in water using photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). This technique relies on modulated laser light, which is absorbed by ammonia molecules, leading to non-radiative relaxation and localized heating. The resulting periodic pressure variations generate acoustic waves, which are detected by a microphone within a photoacoustic cell. To enhance precision and efficiency, we applied advanced theoretical modeling, including the nonequilibrium Green’s function approach, to optimize the quantum cascade laser, which emits light at 9 microns.

 

The result is a highly sensitive and rapid-response system, capable of detecting sub-ppm ammonia concentrations in under 60 seconds, making it a powerful tool for continuous water quality monitoring. The sensor is ideally suited for near-real-time ammonia detection in settings such as water treatment plants and natural water bodies, where even small increases in ammonia levels can have serious environmental and health consequences.